Alpha Arbutin Powder

Alpha Arbutin (α-Arbutin) is a biosynthetic glycoside derived from hydroquinone, where the hydroquinone molecule is bound to a glucose unit via an alpha-glycosidic bond. This structural configuration makes it significantly more stable and effective than its beta counterpart (beta-arbutin) and far safer than free hydroquinone. It works by competitively inhibiting tyrosinase — the key enzyme in the melanin synthesis pathway — without cytotoxicity to melanocytes, making it one of the most well-tolerated brightening actives available to formulators today.

What It Does in a Formula

• Inhibits tyrosinase activity — directly targets the rate-limiting step in melanin production, reducing pigmentation at the source
• Fades hyperpigmentation — effective against post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), melasma, sun spots, and uneven skin tone with consistent use
• Brightens overall complexion — promotes a more luminous, even-toned appearance without bleaching or stripping
• Broad skin type compatibility — well-tolerated across sensitive, acne-prone, and darker skin tones where stronger actives may cause irritation or rebound pigmentation
• Synergistic with other actives — pairs effectively with Vitamin C, Niacinamide, Kojic Acid, and AHAs for enhanced brightening efficacy

Formulation Guidelines

• Use level: 0.5% – 2% (up to 2% is well-supported by clinical literature; higher concentrations do not proportionally increase efficacy)
• Phase: Water phase — add to the aqueous phase of your emulsion or dissolve in water before incorporating
• pH range: Stable and most effective between pH 3.5 – 6.5; avoid highly alkaline formulations
• Compatibility: Compatible with most cosmetic actives; avoid prolonged exposure to high heat during manufacturing as this can cause degradation
• Formulator note: Alpha-arbutin can hydrolyze to free hydroquinone under acidic conditions or with prolonged heat — keep processing temperatures below 40°C and maintain pH within the recommended range

Technical Specifications

• INCI Name: Alpha-Arbutin
• CAS Number: 84380-01-8
• Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
• Purity: ≥99%
• Solubility: Water soluble (up to ~20% in water at room temperature)
• pH (1% aqueous solution): 5.0 – 7.0
• Storage: Store in a cool, dry place away from direct light and moisture; keep container tightly sealed
• Shelf Life: 2 years from date of manufacture when stored properly